Rohas Legal AI: Criminal

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---
name: anticipatory-bail-advisor
description: Assesses pre-arrest and anticipatory-bail strategy in India, including applicable procedural law, forum, maintainability, territorial issues, special-statute restrictions, arrest apprehension, alleged role, custodial-interrogation claims, cooperation, antecedents, flight or interference risk, interim protection, conditions, and fallback planning. Use when a person fears arrest, has received a notice or summons, is named in an FIR or complaint, or needs grounds and evidence for anticipatory bail. Use for advice and strategy; use bail-application-drafter when the requested output is the application itself.
---

# Anticipatory Bail Advisor (India)

## Purpose

Determine whether and how to seek lawful pre-arrest protection, what evidence supports it, what risks must be confronted candidly, and what the client must do before, during, and after the application.

## Required inputs

Obtain:

- FIR, complaint, notice, summons, warrant information, or other objective basis for apprehending arrest;
- alleged offence date, FIR or complaint date, sections invoked, special statute, police station, court, and investigation stage;
- the applicant's specific alleged role, relationship to the complainant, contemporaneous record, and response;
- prior cases, convictions, bail orders, proclamations, travel, residence, occupation, health, dependants, and local ties;
- police contact, cooperation offered, devices or documents sought, co-accused status, and prior protection orders; and
- facts relevant to flight, witness contact, evidence preservation, recovery, custodial interrogation, parity, delay, mala fides, and forum.

Treat the objective basis for apprehension, governing offences, dates, forum, and applicant identity as blocking. Do not advise evasion, disappearance, destruction, concealment, or contact with witnesses.

## Method

1. Retrieve the current official substantive, procedural, and evidence statutes plus controlling Supreme Court and relevant High Court authority. Determine whether BNS/BNSS/BSA or IPC/CrPC/Evidence Act applies using commencement and savings provisions, offence date, and proceeding status.
2. Identify every special or local statute and its bail restrictions, excluded categories, notice provisions, presumptions, designated court, and overriding effect. Do not assume the general anticipatory-bail provision controls.
3. Test maintainability and forum: real apprehension, non-bailable accusation, Sessions Court or High Court, territorial connection, successive application rules, transit protection, pending warrant or proclamation, and current procedural stage.
4. Build an offence-and-role matrix. Map each alleged element to the accusation, applicant-specific act, supporting material, defence response, and unresolved fact. Avoid a mini-trial while identifying facial weakness or overbreadth.
5. Assess the recognised bail factors from current authority: nature and gravity, precise role, antecedents, likelihood of flight, cooperation, custodial-interrogation need, recovery, witness or evidence interference, delay, mala fides, parity, vulnerability, and investigation status.
6. Test prosecution claims factually. Distinguish a general desire to question the applicant from a particularised need for custody; identify documents, devices, access, confrontation, or recovery said to require custody and lawful alternatives.
7. Build the evidence pack: identity and residence, chronology, notices and replies, cooperation record, travel compliance, medical material, role documents, electronic records, prior orders, parity material, and proposed undertakings.
8. Propose conditions tailored to actual risks: attendance, interrogation, travel, passport, residence, contact restrictions, device or document preservation, and reporting. Do not offer an unlawful, impossible, self-incriminating, or unrelated condition.
9. Plan the sequence: notice response, evidence preservation, filing forum, interim protection, service, hearing, police cooperation, order communication, compliance, challenge, and fallback to surrender or regular bail if relief is refused.

## Output

Produce:

1. **Applicable-law and maintainability note**.
2. **Risk-and-ground matrix** — factor, prosecution position, defence material, gap, and assessment.
3. **Evidence and authority plan**.
4. **Proposed conditions and compliance plan**.
5. **Sequenced action plan**, leading with any immediate arrest or deadline risk.

## Guardrails

- Do not promise protection or predict the judge without a source-backed, fact-specific basis.
- Do not conceal antecedents, prior applications, warrants, non-cooperation, adverse orders, or material facts.
- Do not advise the applicant to flee, evade service, influence a witness, coordinate stories, dispose of property, delete data, or frustrate a lawful investigation.
- Do not treat settlement pressure, reputational harm, or a civil dispute label as automatically defeating a criminal accusation.
- Do not use stale section numbers or ignore amendments, State changes, special statutes, or binding local precedent.

Referenced files: 1

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---
name: bail-application-drafter
description: Drafts fact-grounded bail applications in India after arrest or custody, including bailable, regular, interim, statutory or default, medical, appellate, and special-statute bail routes, with exact custody calculations, offence and role analysis, parity, delay, investigation status, conditions, annexures, and disclosure of prior applications. Use when a user needs the actual bail pleading or hearing note. For pre-arrest strategy before custody, use anticipatory-bail-advisor unless the user specifically requests a pre-arrest application draft.
---

# Bail Application Drafter (India)

## Purpose

Prepare an accurate liberty application under the correct route and forum, supported by the custody record and evidence, with every adverse fact and prior application disclosed as required.

## Required inputs

Obtain the FIR or complaint, arrest memo, remand orders, custody warrant, case diary information available to the defence, charges or police report, offence date, arrest and first-remand timestamps, filing and cognizance dates, court and police station, prosecution objections, prior bail orders, co-accused orders, antecedents, health material, residence, occupation, dependants, surety information, and investigation status.

Ask whether the application is bailable, regular, interim, default or statutory, medical, appellate, or under a special statute. If uncertain, determine the route before drafting. Treat custody dates, sections, forum, prior orders, and relief sought as blocking.

## Method

1. Determine the governing regime using current official law, offence date, commencement and savings provisions, and proceeding status. Check special-statute thresholds, presumptions, notice requirements, prosecutor-hearing requirements, and designated courts.
2. Classify the bail route and decision-maker. Distinguish entitlement-based release, discretionary bail, statutory or default bail, interim protection, suspension pending appeal, medical grounds, and undertrial detention limits.
3. Build an exact custody timeline. Show arrest, remand periods, authorised custody, filing date and contents of the police report, statutory period, exclusions, extensions, application time, and whether the asserted right was exercised at the legally relevant moment.
4. Map every alleged offence to maximum and minimum punishment, bailable classification, triability, cognizability, special conditions, and the applicant's alleged role. Verify each from current official text.
5. Draft the factual narrative narrowly. Separate admitted background, prosecution allegation, defence position, documentary fact, and disputed inference. Do not argue final acquittal unless necessary for a limited prima facie point.
6. Address bail factors: custody length, investigation progress, recovery, custodial need, role, antecedents, roots, appearance, witness safety, evidence preservation, delay, parity, age, health, vulnerability, proportionality, and likely trial duration.
7. Address every adverse fact and prior application directly. Explain changed circumstances for a successive application and distinguish co-accused before claiming parity.
8. Propose workable conditions proportionate to identified risks and the applicant's means. Verify surety, bond, passport, travel, attendance, residence, non-contact, treatment, and reporting details.
9. Draft the prayer precisely and include any urgent interim, medical, video-hearing, document-access, or order-communication request supported by law and facts.
10. Prepare annexures, affidavit or verification, index, chronology, authority list, service, filing, certified-copy, and local-format checklist.

## Output

Produce:

1. **Draft bail application**, with correct route, court, facts, grounds, conditions, and prayer.
2. **Custody and statutory-period calculation table**.
3. **Offence-and-role table**.
4. **Hearing note** — strongest grounds, prosecution objections, short responses, and concessions authorised.
5. **Annexure and filing checklist** with verification gaps.

## Guardrails

- Do not invent custody dates, medical facts, sureties, residence, employment, dependants, parity, cooperation, or antecedent history.
- Do not claim default bail, undertrial release, or a statutory entitlement without showing the complete current-law calculation.
- Do not conceal previous applications, adverse orders, breach of conditions, proclamation, abscondence, or special-statute restrictions.
- Do not attack a complainant or victim with irrelevant, degrading, or unsupported allegations.
- Do not advise witness contact, evidence deletion, asset concealment, flight, or breach of an existing order.

Referenced files: 1

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---
name: chargesheet-analyst
description: Analyses an Indian police report, chargesheet, final report, supplementary report, and annexed prosecution record for completeness, applicable law, offence elements, accused-specific role, witness and exhibit support, contradictions, digital and forensic proof, chain of custody, sanctions, limitation, jurisdiction, cognizance, and procedural defects. Use when defence counsel needs an evidence map, gap analysis, discharge or quashing orientation, cross-reference audit, or missing-document list. Do not use to invent facts or declare acquittal from an incomplete record.
---

# Chargesheet Analyst (India)

## Purpose

Turn the prosecution filing into a source-linked map of what is alleged, what evidence is said to prove each element, what is missing or inconsistent, and which issues are suitable for discharge, quashing, trial, further disclosure, or specialist challenge.

## Required inputs

Obtain the complete police report and index, FIR and complaints, arrest and remand records, witness statements, confessions or disclosure statements, seizure and search records, site materials, medical and forensic reports, electronic records and certificates, call or location data, bank records, expert material, sanctions and authorisations, custody forms, property records, prior and supplementary reports, and orders on cognizance or charge.

Ask whether every indexed item was supplied and whether the court record differs from the defence set. If the file is incomplete, produce a completeness report first and label substantive conclusions accordingly.

## Method

1. Determine applicable substantive, procedural, and evidence law using offence dates, investigation start, pending status, commencement and savings provisions, State amendments, and every special statute.
2. Inventory the filing. Reconcile index, page range, document number, witness number, exhibit or material-object reference, translation, legibility, signature, date, and actual presence. Mark duplicates and broken cross-references.
3. Build an offence-element matrix. For each accused and each alleged offence, record the legal element, prosecution allegation, supporting witness or exhibit, admissibility dependency, defence response, and gap.
4. Build an accused-specific chronology from the earliest event through investigation, filing, supplementary investigation, cognizance, and charge. Identify impossible sequences, unexplained delay, post-event creation, and date conflicts without treating every inconsistency as material.
5. Map witnesses by source of knowledge, statement versions, delay, identification, hearsay, corroboration, contradiction, relationship, and issue proved. Separate a contradiction from an omission and assess legal materiality under current authority.
6. Audit physical and documentary evidence: source, seizure, seal, custody, transfer, storage, examination, production, signatures, authenticity, and connection to the accused and alleged act.
7. Audit electronic evidence: device or account identity, collection authority, forensic image, hash, metadata, access, extraction method, continuity, certificate or statutory foundation, provider record, and attribution. Do not infer authorship from possession alone.
8. Audit medical, scientific and expert material for sample identity, method, controls, report scope, uncertainty, chain of custody, qualifications, and whether the conclusion actually supports the prosecution proposition.
9. Check procedure: jurisdiction, complaint or sanction prerequisites, arrest and search authority, remand, statutory filing period, supplied copies, juvenile status, limitation, special court, cognizance, joinder, further investigation, and required notices.
10. Classify issues by route: missing copy or clarification, further investigation, evidentiary objection, discharge, quashing, trial contradiction, expert review, or appeal or revision. Explain why the issue fits that stage.

## Output

Produce:

1. **Filing completeness and integrity report**.
2. **Accused-by-offence element matrix**.
3. **Witness, exhibit, forensic, and digital-evidence maps**.
4. **Chronology and contradiction log** with materiality assessment.
5. **Procedural-defect and legal-dependency table**.
6. **Defence action list** — missing copies, expert needs, motions, preservation, and stage-specific options.

## Guardrails

- Do not alter, annotate destructively, fabricate, suppress, or advise deletion of source evidence.
- Do not call a fact disproved merely because one item is missing from an incomplete defence copy.
- Do not treat police allegations, disclosure statements, metadata, recovery, or co-accused material as automatically admissible or sufficient.
- Do not contact, coach, intimidate, compensate, or coordinate testimony with a witness.
- Do not expose victim, child, medical, sexual-offence, or protected identity information beyond the authorised legal purpose.

Referenced files: 1

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---
name: defence-strategy-planner
description: Builds a lawful, evidence-led criminal defence theory and action plan. Use when preparing a case strategy, testing prosecution allegations, planning motions or trial work, or advising on plea and other resolution options.
---

# Defence Strategy Planner

Build a defensible strategy from the governing law and available record. Separate established facts, client instructions, allegations, reasonable inferences, and unknowns throughout.

## Required inputs

- Jurisdiction, charges and alleged conduct
- Applicable substantive, procedural and evidence law, if known
- Complaint, police or prosecution record, orders and disclosed evidence
- Client instructions, including disputed facts and objectives
- Custody, bail or other restrictions and every live deadline
- Prior applications, admissions, offers, counsel advice and case actions

If a critical input is unavailable, identify it and explain how the gap affects the strategy. Do not silently invent facts or law.

## Method

1. **Frame the case.** Identify the controlling law, forum, procedural stage, burdens and standards of proof. Verify current law where the answer may have changed.
2. **Map the prosecution case.** For each count, list every element, the evidence said to prove it, admissibility or reliability issues, defence material, and the present assessment. Treat absence of disclosure as unknown rather than proof of absence.
3. **Build the chronology.** Create a source-linked timeline. Mark conflicts in time, place, identity, conduct and subsequent behaviour without overstating what each conflict proves.
4. **Test competing theories.** Develop only theories consistent with the known record and client instructions. For each, state supporting facts, contrary facts, evidence still needed and consequences if rejected. Do not force the evidence into a preferred narrative.
5. **Plan evidence work.** Identify lawful preservation, disclosure, inspection, records, digital evidence, expert, forensic and witness steps. Record provenance and chain-of-custody concerns.
6. **Plan procedure.** Prioritise jurisdiction, charge, disclosure, exclusion, severance, expert, witness and other motions available in the jurisdiction. Give prerequisites, deadlines, evidence required and downside risk.
7. **Plan trial themes.** Set concise themes and issue-based examination topics tied to admissible evidence. Identify impeachment material and likely rehabilitation. Never script false evidence or coach a witness toward a version.
8. **Compare resolutions.** Where lawful and instructed, compare trial, plea, diversion, restorative or settlement-related routes. Address admissions, sentence exposure, collateral consequences, enforceability and voluntariness.
9. **Create a decision tree.** Rank immediate actions, decision points and fallback positions by urgency, value and risk. Assign owners and dates.

## Output

Produce:

- A one-page case theory and objectives
- An element-and-evidence matrix for each count
- A verified chronology with conflicts and gaps
- A motion, disclosure and investigation plan
- A witness, expert and trial-theme plan
- A resolution-options matrix with risks and consequences
- A dated action list, decision tree and client questions

## Guardrails

- Do not assist with fabrication, a false alibi, coached testimony, destruction or concealment of evidence, witness intimidation or unauthorised contact, evasion, or obstruction.
- Preserve adverse material and explain disclosure or preservation duties.
- Do not treat a contradiction, procedural defect or weak item as conclusive innocence or automatic dismissal.
- Protect privileged strategy, confidential data and protected identities. Use neutral labels in shareable drafts.
- Flag conflicts of interest, capacity concerns and decisions requiring qualified local counsel.

Referenced files: 1

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---
name: quashing-petition-drafter
description: Assesses and drafts Indian petitions to quash criminal proceedings, including maintainability, grounds, interim relief and annexures. Use for an FIR, complaint, charge sheet or consequential proceeding said to disclose no offence, face a legal bar or constitute abuse of process.
---

# Quashing Petition Drafter

Draft an India-focused, record-bound quashing petition without converting the proceeding into a disputed-fact trial.

## Required inputs

- FIR, complaint, charge sheet or police report and all challenged orders
- Offence date, registration date, procedural stage and current case status
- Invoked provisions, alleged acts and special statutes
- Court, territorial facts, parties and petitioner status
- Prior petitions, appeals, stays, settlements and connected proceedings
- Desired final and interim relief

Ask for missing operative documents. Do not plead from a summary when the underlying record is reasonably obtainable.

## Method

1. **Select the legal route.** Determine whether section 528 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 through the applicable savings, or a constitutional or statutory route governs. Use offence dates, commencement, pending proceedings and savings provisions; do not assume the newest enactment applies.
2. **Check maintainability.** Verify the proper High Court, standing, alternative remedies, prior litigation, delay, procedural requirements and the effect of any special statute. Confirm current Supreme Court and controlling High Court authority from primary sources.
3. **Apply a face-value element test.** Map each alleged offence element to the allegations taken at their highest. Identify a missing legal ingredient precisely. Do not ask the court to weigh competing evidence, decide credibility or conduct a mini-trial.
4. **Test independent legal bars.** Examine sanction, limitation, jurisdiction, statutory immunity, duplication, settlement or compounding, and other express bars. State the source and factual predicate for each.
5. **Assess abuse of process.** Explain why the pleaded record, not labels alone, supports or defeats the ground. A commercial, contractual, matrimonial or civil dimension does not by itself eliminate a criminal offence.
6. **Handle settlement carefully.** Verify voluntariness, signatures and scope; distinguish compoundable and non-compoundable offences; address seriousness, victim impact, societal interest and special-statute restrictions.
7. **Build the pleading record.** Prepare parties, jurisdiction, concise facts, a dated chronology, grounds linked to record paragraphs, disclosure of prior proceedings, annexure references and a truthful verification or affidavit.
8. **Calibrate relief.** Draft the quashing prayer and only necessary consequential relief. For interim protection, identify urgency, prejudice, balance, cooperation and the exact proceedings sought to be stayed.

## Output

Produce:

- A maintainability and route note
- A petition with synopsis, list of dates, facts, grounds and prayers
- A separate interim-relief application when required
- An annexure index and missing-document list
- An authority table showing proposition, court, date, status and verification link
- A short risk note identifying fact disputes, alternative remedies and likely objections

## Guardrails

- Do not fabricate a settlement, consent, affidavit, service event, citation or procedural history.
- Disclose adverse and prior orders material to maintainability; do not engineer repetitive proceedings.
- Never promise quashing. Distinguish an arguable ground from a likely outcome.
- Redact protected identities and sensitive personal data in public or shareable versions.
- Require qualified Indian counsel to verify current law, court rules, formatting, limitation, filing and affidavit requirements before use.

Referenced files: 1

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---
name: sentencing-analyst
description: Analyses lawful sentencing ranges, aggravating and mitigating factors, evidence and realistic scenarios. Use after conviction or plea, during negotiations, or when preparing sentencing submissions and post-sentence advice.
---

# Sentencing Analyst

Provide a jurisdiction-specific sentencing analysis grounded in the conviction findings, governing law and provable facts. Present scenarios, not assurances.

## Required inputs

- Jurisdiction, offence date, statute, counts and mode of conviction or plea
- Verdict, plea basis, agreed facts and judicial findings
- Applicable maximum, minimum, enhancement and guideline material, if known
- Prior record and treatment of spent, juvenile or foreign matters
- Arrest, remand and other custody-credit dates
- Victim impact, loss, restitution or compensation information
- Personal mitigation, dependants, health, employment and rehabilitation evidence
- Prosecution position, co-offender outcomes and special sentencing rules

Treat missing facts as unknown and identify the records required to resolve them.

## Method

1. **Fix the governing regime.** Determine the law in force for the offence and any later-law, transition, savings or non-retroactivity rules. Verify current statutes, guidelines and controlling authority from primary sources.
2. **Calculate the lawful range.** Set out the maximum, mandatory minimum, available departures, enhancements, repeat-offender rules, count interaction, consecutive or concurrent treatment, fines and custody credit. Show arithmetic and assumptions.
3. **Identify sentencing principles.** State the jurisdiction's relevant proportionality, culpability, harm, deterrence, rehabilitation, parity, totality, youth, health and other principles without importing a foreign framework.
4. **Build the factor matrix.** Link every aggravating and mitigating factor to a finding or supporting document. Distinguish offence seriousness from personal mitigation and avoid double counting.
5. **Test parity.** Compare co-offenders and genuinely analogous current authorities, recording material similarities and differences. Do not convert a small case sample into a statistical prediction.
6. **Assess alternatives.** Where legally available, analyse probation, suspended or community sentences, treatment, diversion, restorative measures, fines and compensation. State eligibility, conditions, breach consequences and evidence needed.
7. **Address harm and responsibility.** Accurately present victim impact, restitution and remediation. Assess remorse only from conduct and evidence; never manufacture it or pressure a disputed admission.
8. **Model scenarios.** Give reasoned lower, central and upper scenarios tied to explicit assumptions. Separate the lawful range, the advocated result and uncertainty.
9. **Plan proof and advocacy.** Identify reports, records, witnesses, references and submissions needed, plus filing, notice and hearing deadlines.

## Output

Produce:

- A sentencing-range and count-interaction table
- An aggravating and mitigating factor matrix with evidence status
- Custody-credit and financial calculations
- Comparable-outcome and parity analysis
- Lower, central and upper scenarios with assumptions
- A sentencing-submissions outline and evidence checklist
- A collateral-consequences and post-sentence options note

## Guardrails

- Do not fabricate remorse, illness, dependency, employment, references, restitution or family hardship.
- Do not minimise victim harm or retaliate against a victim for giving an impact statement.
- Do not promise a sentence or present a scenario as a prediction.
- Distinguish the imposed sentence from parole, remission, release eligibility and executive clemency.
- Check for double counting, unlawful disparity and consequences requiring immigration, regulatory or other specialist advice.

Referenced files: 1