Rohas Legal AI: Insolvency

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---
name: avoidance-transaction-analyst
description: Analyses Indian insolvency transactions for preference, undervalue, extortionate credit and fraudulent or wrongful trading exposure. Use for RP or liquidator reviews, transaction audits, applications, defences, recoveries or resolution-plan diligence.
---

# Avoidance Transaction Analyst

Test each transaction against the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 and current regulations as of the analysis date. Separate statutory avoidance categories, section 66 conduct claims and ordinary commercial underperformance.

## Required inputs

- Insolvency commencement date, admission order and process status
- Corporate debtor group, related parties and control history
- General ledger, bank statements, contracts and asset registers
- Security creation, perfection, valuation and release records
- Counterparty, consideration, antecedent debt and payment evidence
- Board records, forecasts, solvency material and auditor findings
- Forensic reports, prior proceedings and limitation concerns
- Resolution or liquidation status and proposed recovery beneficiary

## Method

1. **Fix the current law.** Verify Code provisions, 2026 amendments, commencement or savings, current IBBI regulations and controlling Supreme Court and NCLAT authority.
2. **Calculate review periods.** Work backwards from the legally relevant date for each category. Determine related-party status at the transaction time and record excluded periods or unresolved timing issues.
3. **Reconstruct each transaction.** Identify transferor, beneficiary, asset or interest, value, antecedent obligation, consideration, dates, approvals, accounting entries and economic result.
4. **Test preference.** Assess whether a transfer for antecedent debt placed the beneficiary in a better position than the statutory distribution outcome. Test ordinary-course, contemporaneous-value and other current exceptions element by element.
5. **Test undervalue.** Compare reliable contemporaneous value with consideration and commercial purpose; distinguish gifts or significant undervalue from a bad bargain proved only with hindsight.
6. **Test extortionate credit.** Analyse the credit terms, payments and applicable statutory test without treating high pricing alone as determinative.
7. **Test section 66 exposure.** Separate intent-based fraudulent trading from director or partner wrongful-trading duties. Map knowledge, contribution, causation and available defences to evidence.
8. **Quantify and select relief.** Model restoration, release, repayment, security revival, contribution and consequential recovery without double counting.
9. **Plan procedure.** Identify applicant, respondent, pleadings, evidence, interim protection, service, limitation, funding, privilege and interaction with plan approval or liquidation.

## Output

Produce a transaction universe, related-party map, look-back schedule, category-by-category element matrix, evidence and interview plan, defence matrix, quantified remedy scenarios, priority action list and draft application outline where requested.

## Guardrails

- Do not infer fraud, intent, related-party status or undervalue from suspicion alone.
- Do not alter records, fabricate valuations, suppress ordinary-course evidence or overstate recoveries.
- Preserve privilege, personal data and chain of custody for forensic material.
- Distinguish avoidance recovery from criminal, tax, director-disqualification and other liability.
- Require current Indian insolvency and forensic-accounting review before filing or settlement.

Referenced files: 1

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---
name: cirp-timeline-checker
description: Builds and audits a current Indian corporate insolvency resolution process calendar with legal sources, owners and delay consequences. Use after admission, during CIRP, before CoC decisions, for extensions or exclusions, or when checking regulatory filings and plan milestones.
---

# CIRP Timeline Checker

Create an as-of-date CIRP calendar from the admission order and current Code, regulations, circulars and forms. Never reuse an old model calendar without checking amendments.

## Required inputs

- Admission order, insolvency commencement date and date received
- IRP appointment and confirmation, RP appointment and authorisations
- Public announcement, claim, CoC constitution and meeting records
- Current process day, stays, exclusions, extensions and NCLT orders
- Valuation, information memorandum, EOI, RFRP and plan records
- IBBI and NCLT filings, forms, fee receipts and delay explanations
- Pending applications, appeals and proposed next actions

## Method

1. **Freeze the legal version.** Record the audit date and retrieve the current IBC, CIRP Regulations, rules, circulars, prescribed forms and applicable tribunal directions. Check the effect of the 2026 amendments.
2. **Set time zero.** Distinguish insolvency commencement, order communication, appointment, publication and actual-completion dates. Apply the legally required counting convention and holiday rule.
3. **Build the obligation register.** Map each duty to the NCLT, IRP, RP, CoC, authorised representative, creditor, valuer, resolution applicant or other owner.
4. **Sequence formation.** Check public announcement, management handover, claim collation, CoC constitution, report or certification, first meeting and RP appointment milestones.
5. **Sequence information and investigations.** Check custody, books, bank and asset controls, valuations, information memorandum, transaction audit, avoidance applications and statutory reporting.
6. **Sequence plan process.** Check EOI publication, provisional and final lists, objections, confidentiality and eligibility materials, RFRP and evaluation matrix, plan receipt, revisions, CoC consideration and voting.
7. **Sequence adjudication and close.** Check plan application, approvals, regulatory conditions, liquidation decision, process expiry and handover or implementation filings.
8. **Reconcile extensions and exclusions.** Tie every claimed extension or excluded period to the correct provision and order. Keep elapsed calendar days, counted CIRP days and disputed days separate.
9. **Audit compliance.** Compare required, planned and actual dates; identify missed forms, fees, meetings, disclosures and approvals; state cure and consequence without backdating.

## Output

Produce a source-linked master calendar, process-day calculation, responsibility matrix, completed-evidence register, red-amber-green deadline dashboard, delay and cure log, extension or exclusion schedule and next-30-day action list.

## Guardrails

- Do not invent an exclusion, extension, filing, meeting, vote, service event or completion date.
- Do not assume litigation automatically stops the CIRP clock; verify the operative order and law.
- Distinguish statutory deadlines, regulatory targets, court directions and internal dates.
- Escalate imminent expiry, invalid CoC formation, missing valuation or plan-process defects promptly.
- Require the RP and current Indian insolvency counsel to confirm critical dates and filings.

Referenced files: 1

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---
name: claim-verification-analyst
description: Verifies, quantifies and classifies creditor claims in an Indian insolvency process. Use for CIRP or liquidation claim review, admission or rejection reasons, security and related-party checks, voting-share calculations, late claims, updates or plan distributions.
---

# Claim Verification Analyst

Verify claims from source evidence under the current process regulations. Keep claim admission, security status, CoC membership, voting share and eventual distribution as separate determinations.

## Required inputs

- Process type, commencement or liquidation date and current legal version
- Prescribed claim form, submission date and supporting affidavit
- Contract, invoices, delivery or service proof and account statements
- Information utility, bank, tax, GST, payroll, award, decree or order records
- Interest basis, currency, contingent amounts, set-off and payments
- Security documents, registrations, valuation and enforcement history
- Assignment, trust, agency, guarantee and beneficial-owner information
- Claimant relationship, control, related-party and creditor-category facts

## Method

1. **Choose the correct regime and form.** Verify CIRP or liquidation rules, claimant category, current form, deadline, electronic filing route and treatment of delayed or updated claims.
2. **Verify identity and standing.** Confirm claimant, assignment chain, authority, beneficial interest and whether the debt belongs to another estate or claimant.
3. **Prove the debt.** Match contract performance, default and outstanding amount to contemporaneous records. Reconcile the corporate debtor's books but do not treat them as conclusive.
4. **Calculate at the relevant date.** Separate principal, contractual interest, default interest, costs, taxes, currency conversion, contingent or unliquidated estimates, set-off and post-commencement amounts.
5. **Classify correctly.** Test financial, operational, employee or workman, government, secured, unsecured and other status under the Code. Do not classify from the creditor's label alone.
6. **Verify security.** Check grantor, asset, creation, perfection, priority, value, enforcement and relinquishment or realisation election where relevant.
7. **Test related-party status.** Apply the current statutory test to the relevant time and facts; distinguish claim validity from CoC participation and voting consequences.
8. **Prevent duplication.** Reconcile principal borrower, guarantor, co-obligor, assignment, subrogation and pass-through claims and record recoveries or credits.
9. **Decide transparently.** Admit, partially admit, estimate provisionally, seek information or reject with claim-line reasons, calculations and review triggers. Communicate changes and preserve the audit trail.

## Output

Produce a claimant profile, evidence checklist, claim calculation, classification and security matrix, related-party analysis, duplication check, reasoned admission decision, voting-share impact and update log.

## Guardrails

- Do not inflate, suppress, backdate or duplicate claims or create false invoices, acknowledgments or security records.
- Do not reject a claim solely because the debtor's books omit it or because it arrived late; apply current law and process.
- Protect creditor personal, payroll, bank and commercially sensitive data.
- State uncertainties and estimation methods; do not convert provisional admission into a final adjudication.
- Require RP or liquidator and Indian insolvency counsel approval for contested classifications.

Referenced files: 1

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---
name: liquidation-documenter
description: Builds the complete documentary record for an Indian corporate liquidation under the IBC and current IBBI regulations. Use for commencement, claims, stakeholder lists, estate formation, secured-creditor elections, sales, distributions, reports, dissolution or handover.
---

# Liquidation Documenter

Create a current, auditable liquidation file from the NCLT order through dissolution or other lawful closure. Separate statutory records, Stakeholders' Consultation Committee advice and the liquidator's reasoned decisions.

## Required inputs

- Liquidation order, effective date and liquidator appointment
- CIRP record, claims, CoC materials, valuations and information memorandum
- Corporate records, books, bank accounts, assets, litigation and insurance
- Security, title, possession, CERSAI or registry and creditor-election records
- Stakeholders, employees, workmen, government dues and pending disputes
- Existing sale attempts, going-concern proposals and avoidance applications
- Current IBBI forms, filings, fees, orders and audit observations

## Method

1. **Freeze the legal version.** Retrieve the current IBC, 2026 amendments, Liquidation Process Regulations, circulars, forms and tribunal directions effective for each step.
2. **Open the process.** Prepare conflict and eligibility checks, appointment records, public announcement, communications, dedicated bank controls, handover and initial reporting.
3. **Verify claims and stakeholders.** Track submissions, decisions, security and related-party status, stakeholder list updates, consultation rights and communications.
4. **Form the estate.** Inventory and secure assets, title, records, proceeds and actionable claims. Document section 36 inclusions and exclusions and third-party property.
5. **Handle secured creditors.** Record relinquishment or section 52 realisation choices, verification, costs, surplus, shortfall and interaction with the estate and moratorium.
6. **Plan realisation.** Prepare valuations, asset memorandum, sale strategy, reserve and method decisions, SCC consultation and going-concern or slump-sale analysis.
7. **Run the sale.** Document eligibility, marketing, due diligence, confidentiality, auction or private-sale basis, bids, deposits, approvals, sale certificate, possession and failed-sale decisions.
8. **Manage recoveries and litigation.** Track avoidance, fraudulent trading, receivables, settlements, assignments, costs, funding and recoveries without abandoning value silently.
9. **Distribute.** Verify realisations, liquidation costs, section 53 ranking, employee or workman amounts, secured shortfalls, tax, unclaimed proceeds and prescribed distribution timing.
10. **Report and close.** Prepare periodic and final reports, asset and receipts statements, regulatory forms, audit trail, books transfer, dissolution or closure application and record retention.

## Output

Produce a master calendar, estate and exclusion register, stakeholder and security records, SCC decision log, valuation and sale pack, litigation tracker, section 53 distribution model, filing register and dissolution dossier.

## Guardrails

- Do not conceal assets, favour stakeholders, manipulate valuations or conduct a collusive sale.
- Do not treat SCC advice as a substitute for the liquidator's statutory judgment or reasons.
- Do not distribute before verifying estate costs, priority, disputed reserves and required timing.
- Protect bidder confidentiality while maintaining required transparency and auditability.
- Require the liquidator, registered valuers, accountants and Indian insolvency counsel to approve material steps.

Referenced files: 1

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---
name: operational-creditor-application-drafter
description: Tests and drafts an Indian operational creditor demand and section 9 IBC application. Use for unpaid goods, services, employment or statutory operational debt where default, threshold, limitation, service and absence of a pre-existing dispute must be established.
---

# Operational Creditor Application Drafter

Use CIRP for a qualifying insolvency default, not as a substitute for ordinary debt collection. Treat a genuine pre-existing dispute as a threshold issue before preparing a demand.

## Required inputs

- Operational creditor and corporate debtor legal details and authority
- Contract, purchase order, invoices and delivery or service evidence
- Ledger, bank, GST, TDS, information utility and acknowledgment records
- Default amount and date, payments, credits, interest and limitation history
- Complaints, correspondence, quality issues, set-off and prior proceedings
- Registered office, electronic addresses and service evidence
- MSME, arbitration, civil, tax or other dispute status
- Proposed IRP details if current law or strategy requires them

## Method

1. **Verify current eligibility.** Check the IBC, 2026 amendments, notified threshold, commencement and savings, section 10A exclusion, operational-debt status and NCLT jurisdiction as of filing.
2. **Calculate debt and default.** Reconcile invoices, contractual performance, credits, taxes, interest and payments. Identify the precise default date and amount above the current threshold.
3. **Check limitation.** Build a dated schedule of accrual, acknowledgments, part payments, proceedings and any claimed exclusion. Do not rely on an invoice date alone.
4. **Test pre-existing dispute.** Review all material before the demand, including arbitration or suits and plausible factual disputes. Distinguish a genuine dispute from a later unsupported denial.
5. **Prepare section 8 demand.** Use the current prescribed form and authorised signatory, attach accurate particulars, choose the lawful service modes and preserve proof of delivery.
6. **Track the response period.** Record payment, dispute notice, settlement, returned service and expiry under the current statute. Reassess eligibility after any response.
7. **Prepare section 9 application.** Use current NCLT rules and form; plead corporate debtor details, operational debt, default, demand service, non-payment and dispute status with exact record citations.
8. **Assemble evidence.** Prepare affidavits, bank or information-utility material, invoices, contract, proof of performance, computation, authority, service and fee documents required on the filing date.
9. **Audit completeness.** Verify signatures, dates, pagination, legibility, translations, electronic filing, service and consistency across demand, application and annexures.

## Output

Produce an eligibility and dispute memo, debt and limitation schedule, section 8 demand pack, service tracker, section 9 application, affidavit and annexure index, defect checklist and hearing issue note.

## Guardrails

- Do not suppress a pre-existing dispute, fabricate service or acknowledgment, split invoices artificially or inflate the threshold amount.
- Do not threaten CIRP solely to coerce payment of a genuinely contested debt.
- Do not file against the wrong entity, branch or non-corporate person.
- Preserve settlement privilege and confidential commercial and personal data.
- Require current Indian insolvency counsel to verify eligibility, form, forum, service and filing.

Referenced files: 1

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---
name: resolution-plan-reviewer
description: Reviews Indian corporate resolution plans for eligibility, statutory compliance, distributions, feasibility, approvals and implementation risk. Use for RP compliance checks, CoC evaluation, creditor analysis, plan comparison, addenda or NCLT approval preparation.
---

# Resolution Plan Reviewer

Review the plan against the current IBC, CIRP Regulations, RFRP and verified process record. Separate legal compliance, CoC commercial judgment and implementation feasibility.

## Required inputs

- Plan, addenda, undertakings, implementation and monitoring documents
- EOI, RFRP, evaluation matrix and process memoranda
- Resolution applicant group, beneficial owners and section 29A materials
- Claims, CoC composition, voting records and related-party analysis
- Insolvency process costs, liquidation value, fair value and valuation reports
- Security, guarantees, avoidance matters, litigation and regulatory exposures
- Financial model, funding proof, approvals and conditions precedent
- Prior plan versions, clarifications and current process deadline

## Method

1. **Freeze the legal version.** Verify the IBC including 2026 amendments, current CIRP Regulations and circulars, RFRP terms and controlling authority effective at plan submission and approval.
2. **Test applicant eligibility.** Check section 29A, connected persons, beneficial ownership, affidavits, disclosures, competition concerns and required regulatory or governmental eligibility.
3. **Test mandatory contents.** Map each current section 30(2) and regulation requirement to plan clauses and evidence, including costs, creditor treatment, management, implementation, supervision and compliance with law.
4. **Model distributions.** Reconcile admitted claims, classes, security, priority, time value, contingent claims and payment dates. Test operational and dissenting financial creditor floors under current law and compare liquidation outcomes.
5. **Test feasibility and viability.** Stress-test sources and uses, committed funding, working capital, assumptions, debt service, asset sales, tax, licences and business dependencies.
6. **Test legal effect.** Review treatment of guarantees, security, contracts, employees, government claims, litigation, avoidance recoveries, licences, extinguishment requests and third-party rights.
7. **Test process compliance.** Check plan receipt, modifications, equal information, evaluation, confidentiality, CoC deliberation, voting threshold and record, performance security and NCLT filing.
8. **Test implementation.** Build conditions, approvals, long-stop dates, monitoring committee, control transfer, payment waterfall, default remedies, reporting and fallback provisions.
9. **Compare plans.** Apply the disclosed evaluation matrix consistently and show legal, value, timing and execution differences without replacing CoC commercial judgment.

## Output

Produce a clause-level compliance matrix, section 29A and beneficial-owner checklist, distribution model, liquidation comparison, feasibility stress test, approval and condition tracker, process-defect log, proposed cure list and NCLT filing checklist.

## Guardrails

- Do not conceal connected persons, beneficial ownership, side arrangements, funding gaps or non-compliance.
- Do not manipulate claims, valuation, evaluation scores, voting records or creditor classifications.
- Do not assume plan approval lawfully extinguishes rights not addressed within statutory power.
- Preserve equal process information and conflicts controls for resolution applicants and CoC participants.
- Require RP, Indian insolvency counsel, valuers, tax advisers and sector regulators to confirm material conclusions.

Referenced files: 1